Slavery, Civil War and the University: Current Listing
Slavery and the Civil War
The nine selected photographs highlight the sites of historical memory at the University of Alabama, specifically structures that survived the destruction of the campus and recent commemorations to its antebellum history.
Image 1: Historical Marker – University of Alabama
Text on the marker: “Endowed by Congress 1819; Ordained by State Constitution 1819; And established by General Assembly 1820; Instruction Begun 1831; Unofficial Training School Confederate Officers; Destroyed by Federal Army April 4, 1865. Rebuilding Begun 1868 and Reopened 1868.”
Image 2: Gorgas House, front entrance with stairway leading from the ground to the second level. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 3: President’s Mansion, front entrance with holiday decorations on the balconies. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Second row, image 4: President’s Mansion outbuilding, former slave quarters. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 5: Frederick R. Maxwell Hall, the former observatory that survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 6: The Little Round House. It was constructed as a guard house for the Alabama Corps of Cadets. It also housed the University Drum Corps, which was comprised of rented slaves. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 7: Slave Cemetery
Image 8: A close up of the Apology marker at the slave cemetery.
Text on the marker: “Buried near this plaque are Jack Rudolph and William “Boysey” Brown, two slaves owned by University of Alabama faculty, and William J. Crawford, a university student who died in 1844. Rudolph was born in Africa about 1791 and died May 5, 1846, from ‘Bilious Pneumonia.’ Brown was born April 10, 1838, and died November 22, 1844, from ‘Whooping Cough.’
Jack Rudolph and Boysey Brown were among the slaves owned by The University of Alabama and by Faculty. Their burials were honored and recognized by The University of Alabama on April 15, 2004. The Faculty Senate apologized for their predecessors’ role in the institution of slavery on April 20, 2004. This plaque honors those whose labor and legacy of perseverance helped to build The University of Alabama community since its founding.”
Image 9: The Gorgas Library exhibit on the founding of the university. It features Dean Mosher’s painting entitled, “The Birth of Alabama’s First Great University” in the background and scaled models of the original campus buildings in the foreground. The models were created by Creighton C. “Peco” Forsman.
Reconstruction and Postwar Rebuilding
The selected six images highlight the rebuilding of the campus after its destruction during the Civil War. Through the buildings and naming practices, the images depict the meaning of the Civil War and Reconstruction.
Image 1: Woods Hall, exterior view from the Woods Quad side.
This was the first new campus building following the Civil War.
Image 2: Manly Hall, exterior view
Named after Basil Manly Sr., the second university president and Confederate chaplain, construction finished in 1885.
Image 3: Garland Hall, exterior view
Designed as the counterpoint to Manly Hall, Garland Hall is named after Landon Garland, third university president who served during the Civil War. Construction finished in 1888.
Image 4: Morgan Hall
This building is named after John Tyler Morgan, former Confederate general and U.S. Senator. A portrait of Morgan hung in the foyer until December 2015. In its place, works from the Paul R. Jones Collection will be showcased and periodically rotated.
Image 5: Dedication plaque in Morgan Hall
Text: Morgan Hall, Erected in 1911. For his high character and great qualities of head and heart, this building bears the name of John Tyler Morgan (1824-1907), citizen, patriot, lawyer, soldier, diplomat, member Alabama Secession Convention, 1861; Brigadier General C.S.A., 1863-65; for thirty years a member from Alabama in the United States Senate, a leader among leaders, a sincere and devoted friend to this University and to the cause of education everywhere.
Image 6: Nott Hall, exterior view
Erected in 1922, this building is named after Dr. Josiah C. Nott.
Other Campuses
Currently, these three images highlights sites of memory of slavery and the Civil War at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Image 1: Silent Sam Monument at the University of North Carolina.
Image 2: Grave marker in Old Chapel Hill Cemetery for college servants at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Image 3: Unsung Founders Memorial at the University of North Carolina. It was the university’s attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 4: Display in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 5: Close up of the bell rung by an enslaved laborer at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution within the Rotunda.
Image 6: Close up of one of contextualization displays in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 7: Close up of one of contextualization displays in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 8: Enslaved laborers memorial at the University of Virginia. Text on memorial: "In honor of the several hundred women and men both free and enslaved whose labor between 1817 and 1826 helped to realize Thomas Jefferson's design for the University of Virginia.
Image 9: Close up of the Enslaved laborers memorial at the University of Virginia. Text on memorial: "In honor of the several hundred women and men both free and enslaved whose labor between 1817 and 1826 helped to realize Thomas Jefferson's design for the University of Virginia.
Image 10: Contextualization marker of the surviving slave quarters and kitchen (in the background) at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on marker: "This last remaining kitchen and slave quarters on campus stands as a tangible link to the enslaved people who lived and worked here. South Carolina College, forerunner to the modern university, owned a number of slaves and hired countless others between 1801 and 1865. Enslaved people made significant contributions to the construction and maintenance of college buildings and to the daily life on campus. Despite limited references to individuals, enslaved workers who appear by name in archival records include Abraham, Amanda, Anna, Anthony, Charles, Henry, Jack, Jim, Joe, Lucy, Mal., Peter, Sancho and his wife, Simon, Toby and Tom. Naming these individuals is an effort to remember all of those who made significant and substantial contributions to the University of South Carolina."
Image 11: Close up of the contextualization marker of the surviving slave quarters at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on marker: "This last remaining kitchen and slave quarters on campus stands as a tangible link to the enslaved people who lived and worked here. South Carolina College, forerunner to the modern university, owned a number of slaves and hired countless others between 1801 and 1865. Enslaved people made significant contributions to the construction and maintenance of college buildings and to the daily life on campus. Despite limited references to individuals, enslaved workers who appear by name in archival records include Abraham, Amanda, Anna, Anthony, Charles, Henry, Jack, Jim, Joe, Lucy, Mal., Peter, Sancho and his wife, Simon, Toby and Tom. Naming these individuals is an effort to remember all of those who made significant and substantial contributions to the University of South Carolina."
Image 12: Close up of the contextualization marker to the campus history with slavery at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on the marker: "The Horseshoe, the original campus of the University of South Carolina (established in 1801 as the South Carolina College), still appears much as it did in the mid-1800s. Its buildings and historic wall were substantially constructed by slave labor and built of slave-made brick. Enslaved workers were essential to the daily operations of the college, whether they were owned by the faculty or the college itself, or hired from private citizens. Enslaved people lived in outbuildings, one of which still stands behind what is now the President's House. The University of South Carolina recognizes the vital contributions made by enslaved people."
The nine selected photographs highlight the sites of historical memory at the University of Alabama, specifically structures that survived the destruction of the campus and recent commemorations to its antebellum history.
Image 1: Historical Marker – University of Alabama
Text on the marker: “Endowed by Congress 1819; Ordained by State Constitution 1819; And established by General Assembly 1820; Instruction Begun 1831; Unofficial Training School Confederate Officers; Destroyed by Federal Army April 4, 1865. Rebuilding Begun 1868 and Reopened 1868.”
Image 2: Gorgas House, front entrance with stairway leading from the ground to the second level. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 3: President’s Mansion, front entrance with holiday decorations on the balconies. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Second row, image 4: President’s Mansion outbuilding, former slave quarters. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 5: Frederick R. Maxwell Hall, the former observatory that survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 6: The Little Round House. It was constructed as a guard house for the Alabama Corps of Cadets. It also housed the University Drum Corps, which was comprised of rented slaves. The structure survived the destruction of the campus.
Image 7: Slave Cemetery
Image 8: A close up of the Apology marker at the slave cemetery.
Text on the marker: “Buried near this plaque are Jack Rudolph and William “Boysey” Brown, two slaves owned by University of Alabama faculty, and William J. Crawford, a university student who died in 1844. Rudolph was born in Africa about 1791 and died May 5, 1846, from ‘Bilious Pneumonia.’ Brown was born April 10, 1838, and died November 22, 1844, from ‘Whooping Cough.’
Jack Rudolph and Boysey Brown were among the slaves owned by The University of Alabama and by Faculty. Their burials were honored and recognized by The University of Alabama on April 15, 2004. The Faculty Senate apologized for their predecessors’ role in the institution of slavery on April 20, 2004. This plaque honors those whose labor and legacy of perseverance helped to build The University of Alabama community since its founding.”
Image 9: The Gorgas Library exhibit on the founding of the university. It features Dean Mosher’s painting entitled, “The Birth of Alabama’s First Great University” in the background and scaled models of the original campus buildings in the foreground. The models were created by Creighton C. “Peco” Forsman.
Reconstruction and Postwar Rebuilding
The selected six images highlight the rebuilding of the campus after its destruction during the Civil War. Through the buildings and naming practices, the images depict the meaning of the Civil War and Reconstruction.
Image 1: Woods Hall, exterior view from the Woods Quad side.
This was the first new campus building following the Civil War.
Image 2: Manly Hall, exterior view
Named after Basil Manly Sr., the second university president and Confederate chaplain, construction finished in 1885.
Image 3: Garland Hall, exterior view
Designed as the counterpoint to Manly Hall, Garland Hall is named after Landon Garland, third university president who served during the Civil War. Construction finished in 1888.
Image 4: Morgan Hall
This building is named after John Tyler Morgan, former Confederate general and U.S. Senator. A portrait of Morgan hung in the foyer until December 2015. In its place, works from the Paul R. Jones Collection will be showcased and periodically rotated.
Image 5: Dedication plaque in Morgan Hall
Text: Morgan Hall, Erected in 1911. For his high character and great qualities of head and heart, this building bears the name of John Tyler Morgan (1824-1907), citizen, patriot, lawyer, soldier, diplomat, member Alabama Secession Convention, 1861; Brigadier General C.S.A., 1863-65; for thirty years a member from Alabama in the United States Senate, a leader among leaders, a sincere and devoted friend to this University and to the cause of education everywhere.
Image 6: Nott Hall, exterior view
Erected in 1922, this building is named after Dr. Josiah C. Nott.
Other Campuses
Currently, these three images highlights sites of memory of slavery and the Civil War at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Image 1: Silent Sam Monument at the University of North Carolina.
Image 2: Grave marker in Old Chapel Hill Cemetery for college servants at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Image 3: Unsung Founders Memorial at the University of North Carolina. It was the university’s attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 4: Display in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 5: Close up of the bell rung by an enslaved laborer at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution within the Rotunda.
Image 6: Close up of one of contextualization displays in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 7: Close up of one of contextualization displays in the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution.
Image 8: Enslaved laborers memorial at the University of Virginia. Text on memorial: "In honor of the several hundred women and men both free and enslaved whose labor between 1817 and 1826 helped to realize Thomas Jefferson's design for the University of Virginia.
Image 9: Close up of the Enslaved laborers memorial at the University of Virginia. Text on memorial: "In honor of the several hundred women and men both free and enslaved whose labor between 1817 and 1826 helped to realize Thomas Jefferson's design for the University of Virginia.
Image 10: Contextualization marker of the surviving slave quarters and kitchen (in the background) at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on marker: "This last remaining kitchen and slave quarters on campus stands as a tangible link to the enslaved people who lived and worked here. South Carolina College, forerunner to the modern university, owned a number of slaves and hired countless others between 1801 and 1865. Enslaved people made significant contributions to the construction and maintenance of college buildings and to the daily life on campus. Despite limited references to individuals, enslaved workers who appear by name in archival records include Abraham, Amanda, Anna, Anthony, Charles, Henry, Jack, Jim, Joe, Lucy, Mal., Peter, Sancho and his wife, Simon, Toby and Tom. Naming these individuals is an effort to remember all of those who made significant and substantial contributions to the University of South Carolina."
Image 11: Close up of the contextualization marker of the surviving slave quarters at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on marker: "This last remaining kitchen and slave quarters on campus stands as a tangible link to the enslaved people who lived and worked here. South Carolina College, forerunner to the modern university, owned a number of slaves and hired countless others between 1801 and 1865. Enslaved people made significant contributions to the construction and maintenance of college buildings and to the daily life on campus. Despite limited references to individuals, enslaved workers who appear by name in archival records include Abraham, Amanda, Anna, Anthony, Charles, Henry, Jack, Jim, Joe, Lucy, Mal., Peter, Sancho and his wife, Simon, Toby and Tom. Naming these individuals is an effort to remember all of those who made significant and substantial contributions to the University of South Carolina."
Image 12: Close up of the contextualization marker to the campus history with slavery at the University of South Carolina. It was the university's attempt to acknowledge the labor of enslaved men and women at the flagship institution. Text on the marker: "The Horseshoe, the original campus of the University of South Carolina (established in 1801 as the South Carolina College), still appears much as it did in the mid-1800s. Its buildings and historic wall were substantially constructed by slave labor and built of slave-made brick. Enslaved workers were essential to the daily operations of the college, whether they were owned by the faculty or the college itself, or hired from private citizens. Enslaved people lived in outbuildings, one of which still stands behind what is now the President's House. The University of South Carolina recognizes the vital contributions made by enslaved people."
